Saola

Saola

I’m not surprised if you’ve never heard of saolas – they are just a little rare after all.

  • Saolas are an antelope species native to regions of Laos and Vietnam in Southeast Asia.
  • ‘Saolas’ are also known as ‘Vu Quang oxes’, ‘Vu Quang bovids’, ‘Asian unicorns’ and ‘Asian biocorns’.
  • The scientific name of a saola is Pseudoryx nghetinhensis and it is from the family Bovidae, the family of bovids, or ruminant animals with cloven hooves.
  • Typically saolas grow to be 80 to 90 centimetres (31.5 to 35.4) in height excluding the head, and 80 to 100 kilograms (176 to 220 pounds) in weight.
  • The short fur of saolas is generally coloured a combination of brown, red and black shades, and they have horns reaching 35 to 50 centimetres (14 to 20 inches) in length.
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Saola
Image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons
  • Saolas usually live in damp mountainous areas that contain dense forests and woodlands, near valleys and rivers and other water sources.
  • Saolas, despite often living a solitary life, may group in herds of two to three, with some native observers noticing groups of up to seven.
  • The diet of saolas consists of vegetation including leaves, stems and grasses, and it may also consist of seeds, berries and fruit.
  • Saolas are listed as critically endangered due to hunting and habitat loss, with extant numbers estimated to be 250 or less.
  • Saolas first became known to the modern world in 1992, in the Vu Quang Nature Reserve through a group survey, when the group came across a new horn type on a hunter’s wall; and as a result, many observations were later taken from captive species or native reports.
Bibliography:
Saola, 2015, A-Z Animals, http://a-z-animals.com/animals/saola/
Saola, 2015, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saola

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Goliath Frog

Goliath Frog

No need to listen for goliath frogs – they’re big enough to see!

  • Goliath frogs are the biggest extant frogs in the world and they are native to specific sandy rivers in Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon in West Africa.
  • The scientific name of a goliath frog is Conraua goliath, and it is from the Conrauidae family, the family of slippery frogs.
  • Goliath frogs grow to sizes of 17 to 32 centimetres (6.7 to 12.6 inches) and range from 0.6 to 3.3 kilograms (1.3 to 7.3 pounds) in weight.
  • Goliath frogs feature webbed feet, and they can leap a distance of up to 3 metres (10 feet).
  • The diet of goliath frogs includes Dicraeia warmingii – vegetation that grows in water and is eaten by the tadpoles, while the frog eats insects, worms, small amphibians, crabs and other crustaceans, turtles, fish, and snakes.
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Goliath Frog
Image courtesy of Peter Linehan/Flickr
  • ‘Goliath frogs’ are also known as ‘giant slippery frogs’, though they should not be confused with Conraua robusta, the ‘Cameroon slippery frog’.
  • Due to the absence of a vocal sac, goliath frogs cannot create typical noises, although they do produce a whistle, and they are said to have extensive hearing.
  • The skin on the top side of goliath frogs is a dark shade of green in colour, while the belly is generally a greenish-yellow colour.
  • Many hundreds of eggs are produced by a female goliath frog at one time, and they are laid in vegetation in nearby water, while the eggs and tadpoles that develop are of similar size to other species.
  • Goliath frogs are classified as endangered due to the threats of illegal trade, hunting for eating, and habitat loss.
Bibliography:
Goliath Frog (Conrava Goliath), n.d, Wildscreen Arkive, http://www.arkive.org/goliath-frog/conraua-goliath/
Goliath Frog, 2015, San Diego Zoo, http://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/goliath-frog
Goliath Frog, 2015, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goliath_frog
Khandelwal S, Conraua goliath, 2008, Animal Diversity, http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Conraua_goliath

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Howler Monkey

Howler Monkey

Howler monkeys may give you headache.

  • Howler monkeys are a subfamily and genus of medium to large primates with around 15 species, and one of the largest sized monkeys in the group of New World monkeys.
  • The scientific name of a howler monkey is Alouatta, while Alouattinae is the subfamily name, and it is from the family Atelidae, a family of New World monkeys.
  • Howler monkeys typically live in trees in rainforests and jungles of their native Central and South America.
  • The height of howler monkeys ranges from 56 to 92 centimetres (22 to 36 inches) and they weigh roughly 3 to 9 kilograms (6.6 to 20 pounds).
  • The colour of howler monkey fur can be brown, black or tan in colour, and the animal has a long tail, that can be the length or longer than their body, that they use like an extra limb for grasping, and hanging in trees.
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Howler Monkey
Image courtesy of Peter Schoen/Flickr
  • Howler monkeys have a diet that consists primarily of leaves, fruit, flowers and nuts, however some of their food can become dangerous to them when consumed in large quantities.
  • Howler monkeys have notably loud voices generally used for howls or growls, which can be projected to distances up to 4.8 kilometres (3 miles), hence their common name.
  • Howler monkeys are nest builders, and they have a sense of smell that is quite considerable, reaching a range of around 2 kilometres (1.25 miles).
  • The lifespan of howler monkeys is an average of 15 to 20 years, and the mammal is preyed on by snakes, birds and jaguars.
  • Howler monkeys are threatened by habitat loss and poaching, and have been captured as exotic pets, while some species are listed as vulnerable or endangered.
Bibliography:
Howler Monkey, 2015, A-Z Animals, http://a-z-animals.com/animals/howler-monkey/
Howler Monkey, 2015, National Geographic, http://animals.nationalgeographic.com.au/animals/mammals/howler-monkey/
Howler Monkey, 2015, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howler_monkey

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Afghan Hound

Afghan Hound

Afghan hounds are quite the lovable type.

  • An Afghan hound is a breed of large domestic dog, that is commonly kept and bred as a pet, and it uses its sense of sight and fast moving ability when hunting, and therefore is listed as a ‘sighthound’.
  • ‘Afghan hounds’ are also known as ‘Tazis’, ‘Sage Balochis’, ‘Ogar Afgans’, ‘Eastern greyhounds’, ‘Kabul hounds’, ‘Baluchi hounds’, and ‘Persian greyhounds’, as well as ‘Tāžī Spay’ and ‘Sag-e Tāzī’ in native languages.
  • The long, thick hair with a silk-like appearance is a notable feature of Afghan hounds, along with their distinctly curled tails and particularly lengthy muzzles.
  • The fur of Afghan hounds ranges from brown, grey, black, gold and white in colour, and it requires much grooming to keep a neat appearance.
  • Afghan hounds originate from the cold mountainous regions of Afghanistan, in Asia, and were probably domesticated in the area around 4000 BC.

 

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Afghan Hound
Image courtesy of Bryan Ungard/Flickr
  • Afghan hounds generally grow to be 61 to 74 centimetres (24 to 29 inches) in height and 20 to 27 kilograms (44 to 59.5 pounds) in weight.
  • Usually, Afghan hounds have a gentle and pleasant nature, although they have been used throughout history to hunt boar, deer, gazelle and goats, and guarding livestock from snow leopards, wolves and other animals.
  • Afghan hounds were first imported into the United Kingdom in the 1880s, while afterwards in the United States of America in the 1920s, and they quickly became a popular breed and commonly exhibited at shows.
  • Although originally quite an independent breed, Afghan hounds have had this tendency dulled through breeding attempts to create appealing varieties.
  • Female Afghan hounds generally have around seven pups at a time, and they typically live twelve to fourteen years.
Bibliography:
Afghan Hound, 2015, A-Z Animals, http://a-z-animals.com/animals/afghan-hound/
Afghan Hound, 2015, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghan_Hound

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Dhole

Dhole

Dholes are quite a bit more wild and free compared to the domesticated dog.

  • Dholes are a medium sized mammal native to a variety of habitats in the wilderness of Asia, in the southern and eastern parts of the continent.
  • Dholes have the scientific name Cuon alpinus, and are from the family Canidae, the family of dogs, and they have an average lifespan of 10 to 13 years.
  • ‘Dholes’ are also known as ‘Indian wild dogs’, ‘red wolves’, ‘red dogs’, ‘whistling dogs’, ‘mountain wolves’, and ‘Asiatic wild dogs’.
  • The length of dholes range from 75 to 110 centimetres (29.5 to 43 inches) and weigh around 12 to 20 kilograms (26 to 44 pounds).
  • The fur coat of dholes can be grey, red or brown in colour, according to their environment, with white, tan, gold or black highlights.
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Dhole
Image courtesy of Neil McIntosh/Flickr
  • Dholes generally live in small groups of around five to twelve, but up to forty members, and they will usually hunt in groups from early morning.
  • The diet of dholes consists of mammals including goats, deer, boar, buffalo, and rabbits; and they will usually rip open their prey.
  • Dholes are listed as an endangered species, due to a combination of diminished numbers of prey and habitat loss, as well as other factors.
  • Sounds made by dholes vary from growls, yaps, screams, chatters, whines and most notably, whistles.
  • Five to twelve pups are born to a female dhole at one time, with both parents and others in the pack looking after the pups; and they start hunting with adults when they are around six months old.
Bibliography:
Dhole, 2015, A-Z Animals, http://a-z-animals.com/animals/dhole/
Dhole, 2015, San Diego Zoo Animals, http://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/dhole
Dhole, 2015, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Dhole

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Mossy Frog

Mossy Frog

Try not to step on a mossy frog in disguise!

  • Mossy frogs are medium-sized frogs that can reach lengths of 5 to 9 centimetres (2 to 3.5 inches) and are native to north Vietnam in Southeast Asia.
  • ‘Mossy frogs’ are also known as ‘Tonkin bug-eyed frogs’ and ‘Vietnamese mossy frogs’.
  • The scientific name of a mossy frog is Theloderma corticale, and it is from the family Rhacophoridae, the family of shrub frogs.
  • The colour of mossy frogs ranges from a lush green to a murky brown, and the colour patterns, combined with its bumpy texture, have the appearance of moss, which the frog uses to camouflage itself.
  • Mossy frogs live in habitats of forests and mountainous regions in tropical climates, especially those areas that are commonly wet or marshy.
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Mossy Frog
Image courtesy of Jason Wesley Upton/Flickr
  • The diet of mossy frogs consists of insects including crickets, moths, locusts and flies.
  • When feeling threatened, a mossy frog retracts into the shape of a ball and acts as if it was dead.
  • Due to their remote location, mossy frogs are not well researched, which prevents them from having a proper population estimate, although it is known the frog is threatened by habitat loss.
  • Female mossy frogs generally produce between ten and thirty eggs that are laid slightly above, or just in water, that hatch two to three weeks later.
  • Mossy frogs have become popular amphibians in the pet industry, due to their interesting look and their relatively easy care nature.
Bibliography:
Keeping and Breeding Mossy Frogs (Theloderma Corticale), 2015, Saurian Enterprises, https://saurian.net/froginfo_mossyfrogcare.html
Mossy Frog, n.d, World Association of Zoos and Aquariums, http://www.waza.org/en/zoo/visit-the-zoo/amphibian-house/frogs-and-toads-1254385524/theloderma-corticale
Theloderma Corticale, n.d, The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/summary/59033/0
Theloderma Corticale, 2015, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theloderma_corticale

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